As the highest legal act, the Constitution of Montenegro defines it as a civil, democratic, ecological and social justice state based on the rule of law. The bearer of sovereignty is a citizen who elects his representatives in elections. Power is divided into three branches: legislative, executive and judicial.
It is further prescribed that the state guarantees and protects rights and freedoms, that rights and liberties are inviolable and that every citizen is obliged to respect the rights of others. Inciting hatred and discrimination on any basis is prohibited.
The official language is the Montenegrin language, while Serbian, Bosnian, Albanian and Croatian are in official use. It is also prescribed that the law, by the Constitution, defines how to exercise human rights and freedoms as well as special minority rights.
The section expressly refers to human rights and freedoms guarantees that they are realized based on this act and international agreements. Restrictions are only those that the Constitution and laws precisely prescribe.
In the section that guarantees personal rights and freedoms, it is stipulated that the death penalty is prohibited in Montenegro, and medical experiments on human beings are not permitted. In this part, it is also defined that the dignity and inviolability of the person is guaranteed.
The introductory provisions of the Constitution of Montenegro determine the organization of the state, the state system, the judicial branch of power, the executive power, and the fundamental general rights of the citizen as the bearer of state sovereignty. Unfortunately, many of all ages and generations of Montenegro are unfamiliar with these provisions and rights.
This is the first part of a series of texts with which we will try to simplify and bring the highest legal act of our country to the citizens and familiarize them more closely with their rights and obligations.
B.P.